Contribution à la fabrication et caractérisation des matériaux à énergie solaire photovoltaïques à base de pérovskite organique et inorganique

Abstract

This doctoral thesis focuses on the numerical investigation and optimization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), recognized as one of the most promising next-generation photovoltaic technologies. Due to their outstanding optoelectronic properties, tunable bandgap, and low-cost fabrication, PSCs have achieved remarkable power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). However, stability issues, scalability challenges, and lead toxicity remain major obstacles to their commercialization. In this work, the SCAPS-1D simulator was employed as a numerical tool to investigate device physics and evaluate optimization strategies. This study was divided into two sections. The first section focused on flexible perovskite solar cells, where we investigated the role of novel charge transport materials such as HTLs: ACZTSe, CuBiS₃, CZGS, D-PBTTT-14, and Se/Te-doped Cu₂O, as well as ETLs: SnS₂, BaZrS₃, STO, WS₂, and ZrS₂. In these solar cells, interface defects were examined, where a two-dimensional perovskite (2D-PVK) layer was added to enhance the interfacial effect. CBz-PAI was selected as the interfacial passivation layer. Moreover, the back contact was also investigated, which demonstrated significant improvements in charge extraction, reduced recombination, and enhanced interfacial stability. The optimized flexible perovskite solar cell achieved a power conversion efficiency of 27.17%. The second section focused on bifacial perovskite solar cells (Bifacial PSCs), analyzing their performance under both front and rear illumination, and highlighting the critical role of layer engineering and transport optimization in achieving higher efficiencies and improved overall photovoltaic performance. The optimized bifacial device achieved efficiencies of 28.38% for the front side and 28.27% for the back side. The findings of this thesis provide valuable insights bridging theoretical modeling and experimental applications, offering practical strategies for the design of efficient, stable, and sustainable perovskite solar cells, paving the way toward large-scale and environmentally friendly implementation